Unit 1 Review

This unit in chemistry we learned a lot, from how theperiodic table is organized, to radioactive decay, to the structure of an element,to the types of bonds and how elements bond.

Lessons 6-10

                Inthese lessons we learned a lot about the periodic table. An element is abuilding block of matter and a compound is a pure chemical combination of 2 ormore elements in a fixed ratio. Each block of the periodic table represents anelement with the atomic mass and number, and chemical name and symbol. There isa picture below to describe this. Columns in the table are called groups androws are called periods. Elements in the same group have similar properties.

Lessons 12 and 13

                Thesesections talk about the structure of an atom. The nucleus is made of positivelycharged protons and no charge neutrons, which accounts for the mass of theatom. The number of protons is equal to the atomic number. Electrons are negativelycharged parts of the atoms that are away from the nucleus. In order for theatom to be neutral the charge of the protons and neutrons must equal zero. Anisotope is an atom with a different number of neutrons. We also learned aboutnuclear notation which is pictured below.

Lesson 15

                Thiswas the section where we learned about radioactive decay, alpha and beta aswell as fission and fusion. There is a picture below that illustrates alpha andbeta decay rather nicely. Fission is where a nucleus is split into otherparticles and fusion is where 2 nuclei join to form a larger nucleus.  Both release energy but nuclear fission canresult in nuclear chain reactions.

Lessons 18 and 19

                Inlesson 18 we learned about more about electrons. The period number of theelement equal the number of electron shells that element will have. The lastshell contains the valence electrons. All elements have noble gas envy, meaningthey want 8 valence electrons to become stable like the noble gases. Lesson 19talked about ions which are positively or negatively charged particles thathave lost or gained electrons. A cation has a positive charge and an anion hasa negative charge.

Lessons 20 and 22

                Inlesson 20 we learned that an ionic compound is made of positive and negativeions that are formed when metals and nonmetals combine. The order when namingthese is metal, nonmetal and –ide. There is a picture below that shows how tofigure out how many atoms of each element are needed to create a compound.Lesson 22 talked about polyatomic ions which are groups of atoms with anoverall positive or negative charge, usually anions. Below is a list of somehigh frequency ones.

Lesson 25 and 26

                Lesson25 talked about solubility and conductivity as well as the types of bonds. Thebonds are ionic, metallic, molecular and network covalent. The types of bondwill determine if the compound is soluble (capable of dissolving) or not(insoluble) and whether or not it will conduct before and after it dissolves.There are two pictures below that further explain the types of bonds.

We also learned about electron configuration and noble gasnotation. Both are shorthand ways of keeping track of an elements electrons andboth are pictured below.